Gloomy prospects for the Russians 2020. According to the forecast of the Center for Macroeconomic Analysis and Long-Range Forecasting, by the end of April, the army of Russian unemployed could be replenished with 10 million newcomers.
But many Russians have mortgages and other loans, and banks regularly remind that they have to give back what they have taken. But how to pay off a bank loan if there is no money? And what actions should be avoided in this case? We will answer these questions using the recommendations of lawyers, financial experts and the banks themselves. Indeed, the fact that the client nevertheless repaid the debt, even if not immediately, is financially credit organizations are most interested.
10. No need to re-borrow at another bank to repay your current loan
The worst thing that can be done in a crisis situation is to re-borrow money, trying to repay current debt. This is a direct path to the debt hole. And when you repay one debt, the second may be even more.
What to do in order not to take a new loan: think about debt restructuring (we will talk about this in more detail in this article). Track spending with the help of the program "Home Bookkeeping" or any other. This will help identify unnecessary costs that can be reduced.
9. No panic
SMS from the bank with a reminder of debt, calls with court threats - all this is very unpleasant. But remember: physically you and your family are safe, collectors or other persons acting on behalf of your creditors can “press” psychologically, but not physically. Their activities are regulated by Art. 7 of Federal Law No. 230-FZ
What to do if collectors overcome:
- To avoid tormenting you with phone calls, change the SIM card (it is advisable to do the same for your family members).
- If your debt is older than 4 months, write a statement of refusal to interact with third parties (collectors).
- If threats come from collectors, record them on a voice recorder or telephone and contact the law enforcement authorities.
8. Go to the bank where you took a loan
Hiding from a bank until it takes your case to court is not the best way to solve a problem with an overdue loan. Especially if the mortgage is hanging on you. Where will the family live if the mortgage housing is taken?
The bank is not interested in recognizing your debt as bad, and you as an unreliable borrower. He wants to return the money, you are ready to give it back, but not now. So sit down at the negotiating table and find a compromise solution.
What can be done: agree with the bank on changing the terms of credit services.
7. Agree on a new payment schedule
This method is suitable for people who are planning to pay off their debt in the next 3-5 months.
Call the bank's call center and explain the reason for the delay in payment of the loan. Ask the bank to postpone the payment date to the day of the month when you will definitely have money (benefits will come, get a salary, etc.).
Why this method is not suitable for everyone: the ability to transfer the payment date is not available at all banks.
6. Agree on a full deferment from payment of loan payments
If there is no money, but they will appear in the next few months, try to agree with the bank on a full deferment of credit payments for this period. Just explain where you get the money.
It is important to consider: the loan term will increase, and the bank will evenly distribute interest on the loan on the remaining payments.
5. Ask the bank to restructure debt
Debt restructuring is a change in the conditions of a loan. For example, you took a loan of 200 thousand rubles for a period of 2 years, with a 10% interest rate. And each month they must give the bank 9,229 rubles.
But in case of debt restructuring, the bank can extend the loan term, for example, up to 3 years, while the size of the monthly payment will decrease. Or you can refinance a loan at another bank with a better interest rate. This is a good way out if you have not yet become a debtor to the bank.
How to restructure a bank debt: In writing, ask the bank to change the due date or payment schedule. Do not try to stretch the payment schedule too much, it is unlikely that any bank will agree to wait 3 years or more to return a consumer loan of 50 thousand rubles.
4. Collect all documents that can help restructure debt
The bank may be more willing to meet you if you prove with documentary reasons why you cannot pay on a mortgage or other loan right now. Documents confirming the objective reasons for your lack of money include:
- birth certificate of a child;
- death certificate of the co-borrower;
- extracts from the medical card and checks from the medical institution if your loan delay is related to your stay in the hospital;
- reduction order, copy of the work book;
- certificate 2-personal income tax;
- disability certificate;
- copy of the protocol on an administrative offense if you got into a traffic accident and lost a vehicle that was a source of income.
This is not a complete list, but, hopefully, he gave an idea that you need to collect any certificates that can confirm - you can not repay the loan through no fault of your own.
3. Arrange for a vacation
Credit vacation is the term during which the debtor only needs to pay interest on the loan. Typically, such vacations last no longer than 12 months. And when they end, the amount of the monthly payment will increase, since the loan debt has not gone away.
Recommended: try to agree not only on credit holidays, but also on extending the loan term. So you do not have to pay significantly more every month after the loan deferment ends.
2. Contact the financial ombudsman
The task of the financial ombudsman is to mediate between private individuals and financial organizations, helping not to bring the case to court. His services are free, but there are several conditions under which you can contact him for help:
- the problem with which you turned to the financial ombudsman arose no later than 3 years ago;
- your debt to the bank does not exceed the amount of 500 thousand rubles;
- The bank where you took the loan voluntarily agrees to resolve disputes with the Ombudsman. View a list of such banks on the Bank of Russia website. Important: from January 1, 2021, banks will be required to cooperate with financial representatives.
The Ombudsman does not liquidate your debt to the bank, he can help restructure it, achieve a deferral of payments or find another solution that will suit both you and the bank.
How to contact the financial ombudsman: through the site - https://finombudsman.ru. In your own words, state the essence of the dispute with the bank and attach copies of documents confirming the objective reasons for your temporary insolvency.
1. Declare yourself bankrupt
Before you sigh happily: “Well, that was where you had to start”, keep in mind that there is no option to declare yourself bankrupt and not pay a loan.
- Financial bankruptcy means that a person cannot fulfill his debt obligations to the bank and third parties.
- What will the bank do in such a situation? He will go to court, following the results of which a debt repayment scheme will be drawn up. Probably, part of the debt will be repaid through confiscation of property. Personal belongings, household appliances, electronics, housing (if it is not the only one or is pledged by the bank) - everything will go under the hammer for debts.
- At the same time, the debtor can be exempted from paying fines and penalties, but also blacklisted, and is unlikely to ever receive a loan for a large amount. And even getting a debit card can be difficult.
Bankruptcy recognition conditions: the amount of debt is from 500 thousand rubles, the term of debt is not less than 90 days.
Advantages of bankruptcy status:
- It is no longer necessary to make obligatory loan payments (with the exception of taxes, fees, fines).
- Do not accrue penalties and interest on liabilities.
- After the sale of the property of the debtor, the bank no longer has the right to impose property penalties on it.
Disadvantages of bankruptcy status:
- Within 5 years, you cannot declare yourself bankrupt again and you must notify the bank in which you want to take a loan that you went through bankruptcy proceedings.
- For the duration of the trial, you cannot buy and sell property, transfer it as a pledge, manage money in your bank accounts or travel abroad except with the permission of the court.
- Within 3 years after the bankruptcy procedure, you cannot occupy any position in the governing bodies of a legal entity.
We hope one of the tips on how to pay off your debts to the bank if there is no money is useful to you. Be healthy and financially wealthy!
